SOCIAL SCIENCE - SSLC-QUICK REFERNCE
ADVENT OF THE EUROPEANS TO INDIA.
1. Name the important imports and exports of ancient India.
· The important imports were Houses, wines, coral and mercury.
· The important exports were cotton textiles, silk, pearls, diamonds, sandalwood and spices like pepper,
cardamom, Cloves and cinnamon.
2. What were the two important consequences of capture of Constantinople?
· It closed the land route between the East and the West which made the European countries necessary to
explore new sea routes to India [ as arabs controlled old sea routes] and also the trade with India was
more profitable to Europeans.
· It led to the Renaissance. It expanded the knowledge of geography, maping technic and navigation.
3. Name the colonies of Portuguese, Dutch, English and French in India?
· Portuguese: Goa, Diu and Daman in Gujarat. Selsette and Bassein near Bombay in Maharashtra. San
Thome near Madras. Hugly (Hoogly) in Bengal.
Dutch .Machatipatnam .Pulicat, Surat, Cochin.Basewrur near Kundapur.
English Ahmedabad.Agra.Broach.Calcutta.Dacca.Kasim Bazaar. Bombay.
French: Pondicherey.Chandranagar.Mchalipatnam.
4. What were the impacts of Advent of Portuguese in India?
1.It increased the trade contact with east and west. 2. Increase the demand for Indian goods in European
markets.3. America origin crafts like tobacco, potato, onion, Chilies, Maize, cashew nut etc. were introduced in India by Portuguese . That was the radical change in Indian Agriculture.4.European architecture was introduced to India in the forms of church and building.
5. Who was Duplex and what was his ambition?
1.Dupleix was a talented and ambitious 2. He was the first French Governor who wanted establish French
Empire in India and hence he entered into the India politics.
6. What were the causes for I Carnatic war?
1.Austrian succession war began in 1740 in Europe. 2.It Special to India also as there was a competition between English and French to establish colony in India.
7. What were the results of II Carnatic War?.
The results of II Carnatic war were.
· English made Mohammad Ali, The nawab of Arcot and remained powerful in Carnatic but French failed to establish their influence in Carnatic.
8. What were the wrong decisions taken by the French?
· French planned to Seige Madras Count de laly, the French Governor summoned Bussy who was a French
commander at Hyderabad to facilitate his siege to Madras.
Because the English army led by Sir Eyer Coote defeated Bussy at Wandiwash near Pondicherry in
1760.
9. What were the causes of Battle of Plassey?
· Siraj Ud Daulah tried to check the misuse of dartaks.
· He ordered to surrender Krishna Ballabh who settle at Fort William but English refused.
· English started to fortify their factory at Kolkatta and Fort William without the permission of Nawab .
10. What were the results of Battle of Plassey?
1.Siraj –Ud- Daulah was killed. 2. British made Mir Jafar, the Nawab of Bengal 3. In turn British got Zamindaris right or collecting of revenue from 24 Paragana regions. 4.British got a firm fooling in Bengal.
11. What was dual Government? Who introduced it?
Dual Government is a type of Government introduced in Bengal which gave British the right to collect land
revenue and Administrative and judicial power were given to the Nawab Dual Government was introduce by the Government of Bengal Robert Clive.
12. What were the discoveries of Europeanse at the time of Renaissance?
· Marineris compass , Astrolobe & Mapping technique
13. Why did British dethrone Mir Kasim?
1. He refused to remain puppet in the hands of British 2.He asserted his legal right as Nawab and 3.He tried to check the misuse of Dastaks as it was a great loss for his treasure.
MYSORE STATE AND THE BRITISH
1. Mention the title of chikkadevaraja and his political achievements?
“Karnataka chiakravrthi” and “Navakoti Narayana”.
Political achievement of him were
· He conquered Tumakuru, Hoskote, parts of Salem district & Banavara, Vastare and Chikkamagalore from keladi, ruler.
· He defaulted the combined army of keladi Nayakas, Sultan of golkanda & shivaji’s son Sambaji.
· He maintained friendship with Aurangazeb and got Bangalore from Mugul on leize. In turn he agreed to keep a contingent of army for Mugual Services.
2. How was Hydarali became famous?
· When Dalavays were not able to pay salary to the soldiers, they revolted against the Dalavays, Hydarali paid salary to them and got the support of soldiers .
· He participated Karnatic war and learnt the war techniques of French and English.
· He repulsed Marathas in 1758, Who come to collect Chautayi (tax) in Srirangapatna
3. Mention the terms of the treaty of Srirangapatna?
· He had to surrender half of his territory to the enemies, Which was shared by the allies
· Tippu had to pay heavy war indemnity
· He also Surrender his two sons of as hostage to the English as had no money.
4. Mention the terms of the Treaty of Mangalore .
· Tippu retain the coastal regains of Mangalore and Malabar
· It also stressed that they should not join hands with their respective enemies
5. What were the causes and results of IV Anglo – Mysore war?
The defeat and the humiliation at the hands of the English in III Anglo – Mysore was the main causes. Tippu
wanted to take revenge against British
· He fortified his capital and strengthened the fort and negotiated with French
· He sent his Ambassador to Afghanistan and sultan of Turkey
· French gave training to Tippu’s army. The result were
1. Tippu died in the battle.
2. Mysore was shared between Nizam and English
3. Remaining parts handed over to Krishnaraja Wodeyar III.
6. What were the achievements of Kantirava Narasaraja Wodeyar?
· He expelled Ramadullah Khan of Bijapur, who laid siege to Srirangapatna
· He conquered Satayamangala Bettadapura and Arakalqud near Hassan
· He issued Gold, Coin, called “kanthirava panams”.
· He constructed Bangaradoddi canal, to give importance to the Agriculture
7. Who were very famous among Dalavays and Why?
· Nanjarajayya, Devarajayy
· They played prominent role in expanding Mysore kingdom and they also involved in Carnatic wars to secure Tiruchirapalli.
8. Mention the terms of the treaty of Madras
The terms in eluded in the treaty of Madras were.[1769]
· They agreed to return the territories they had captured from each other
· English promised to assist Hyder Ali if he was attacked by his enemies
The Establishment of the English Rule in India
1. Mention the result of I- Anglo – Maratha war
· The Marathas were forced to sign the Treaty of Salbai in 1782 A D
· Madava Rao II was recognized as the Peshwa and Raghoba was pensioned off
· Later Baji Rao II became the peshwa
· English increased their power in Maharastra
2. What were the causes for II Anglo Martha War?
· After the death of Nana, Phadanavis , Holkar of Indor and sindhya of Gwalior compited to get control over
peshwa Baji Rao
· Baji Rao II accepted subsidiary Alliance this angered Holkar and sindhias
· Hence Holkar and sindhia declared war against English
3. What were the results of III Anglo Martha war?
· Baji Rao II was given an annual pension of Rs.8 lakhs & was sent to Brithore near Kanpur
· Peshwa’s territory merged with Bombay Presidency
· The discendent of Chatrapathi Sahu at Satara Pratap Sinha was granted the small area in Satara
· Maratha leader signed subsidiary Alliance one by one
· The Maratha rule come to an End.
4. Why do we call Ranjit sigh, The Lion of Punjab or famous ruler of the Sikhs?
Ranjit Sigh was the famous ruler of Sikhs,
At the age of 12 he became the chief of sukachahia of the Sikhs.
· He maintained friendly relationship with British by entering into Amrutsar Treaty.
· He unified all the Sikhs Chiefs
· He was very strong and courageous and hence renowned as Loin of Punjab
5. Why did British take over the administration of Mysore from Krishna Wodeyar III?
· In 1830 Zaamindari of Nagar revolted against the Maharaja and refused to pay tax this revolt was suppressed
by the Maharaja
· But they began to trouble the administration individually, hence the British took over the administration state
6. Why do we call Krishna Rao Wodeyar IV the Maker of Modern Mysore
· During his rule Mysore made great progress 2. He constructed Marikanive irrigation project 3.opened Kolar
gold field mines. 4.Street lamp were also provided to Bangalore in 1905 by him 5.Many diwans notable
achievement under him
7. What were the contribution of Sir.M.Visveswaraya?
Sir.M.Visveswaraya is remembered by the people for his developmental works
· He started iron work factory at Bhadravathi.
· Government Soap factory, Sandal oil Factory and Mysore Bank was also started by him
· He established Mysore university, the Chamarajendra Technological Institute at Mysore and Engineering
College at Bangalore
· Agriculture college at Hebbel were also stated during his period
8. How do you say the Krishnaraja Wodeyar was the lover of Education?
1.He abolished the fees at the Government primary school at first time 2.He also encouraged for the establishment of college and universities. 3. Opened Agriculture College at Hebbel.
9. Who introduced subsidiary alliance and Why?
1.Governor general Wellesley. 2. To expand the British empire in India & to again control over the native ruler.
10. What were the conditions of subsidiary alliance?
· The native rulers who accept their policy were not expected to engage themselves in wars or to enter into
treaties with other states.
· To accept English contingent and pay subsidiary for the maintenance of this contingents.
· English resident was kept at the court of native rulers to keep control over the internal affairs of the native
rulers.
11. What were the causes for the II Anglo-Sikh war OR Why did the ruler of Muttan revolt?
1.When the English got control over Punjab they did not rule over Punjab and asked Dulip Singh to rule and kept
a section of their army in Punjab and asked Dulip Singh to regulate their army this made Sikh rulers unhappy.
2.Sikh rulers united together and revolted against British.
Chapter-4 THE FIRST WAR OF INDIAN INDEPENDENCE:
1. How was the expansion policy of British caused the first war of Indian Independence? [Political Cause].
· General Dalhousie introduced ‘Doctrine of Lapse’. Accordingly he annexed Satara, Jansi, Jaipur, Sambalpur and Udaipur who had no natural heir.
· Nanasaheb the adapted son of Bajirao II was not paid pension.
· Mughal emperor and Nawab of awadh and many others were thrown out of their power so lakhs of soldIers become unemployed and revolted against British.
2. How was the colonial policy of British caused 1857 revolt [Economic causes].
1.colonial policy ruined Indian industries so lakhs of people became unemployed .2.England imposed heavy
tariffs on Indian goods in England. This further ruined the Indian industries and stopped the export Indian goods.
3. Why did the Indian sepoys revolt against British in 1857 or how do you say that the condition of Indian
sepoys was pathetic?
1.They were paid eight times lower than the British soldiers salary.2. Promotions were reserved only for whites.
3.Indian soldiers were forced to cross the oceans during those days Crossing Ocean was a sin and they were outcaste.
4. What were the causes for the failures of 1857 revolt?
· Lack of leadership for the uprising.
· Sepoys indulged in looting and decoits and this resulted in loosing the faith of common people.
· The Indian sepoys did not have modern weapons but the British had.
· The English used telegraphic network to communicate the message and get the help. But the Indian did not
know anything about it.
· Lack of proper organization among the mutineers
· The English had a common goal to protect their kingdom but Indians did not have any goal which is accepting by all.
5. What are the effects of 1857 revolt?
· The rule of East India Company was ended. The British Government took the administration of India in its
own hands.
· The secretary of States for India was appointed to look after the administration
· The British with draw the policy of ‘Doctrine of Lapse’
· In 1858 queen Victoria declared to provide stable government to India and to safe guard the rights of people.
This declaration is known as ‘The Manga-Charta of the Indian People’
· The queen also promised not to interfere in the religious matter of Indians.
· British realized that it was impossible to rule India without getting the confidence of Indians
6. Why did the Hindu and Muslim Orthodox angered against British?
Abolition of sati system, encourage of widow re-marriage and other social reforms were also misunderstood
by the orthox. They thought that they are introducing their own culture in the place of Indian culture.
They also misunderstood by the introduction of telegraphs, railways etc. they thought that they were the signs
of modernization.
7. What were the administrative causes of 1857 revolt?
The administrative causes of 1857 revolt are: 1.British introduced rule of law. Accordingly all are equal
before the law. So rich Zamindar, Talukdars lost their status, position and were angered. 2.New legal system
introduced by British became very difficult and costly to get justice. 3.The law was not applicable to Europeans.
4. The laws were not understood by common people 5.English replaced the Persian language in court.
CHAPTER –5 IMPACT OF THE BRITISH RULE IN INDIA
1. How did uniform system of administration introduced by British cause peace and stability in India?
1) `British introduced uniform system of administration all over India. That helped to establish uniform legal
system. All Indians became equal irrespective of their religion, caste, sex, race etc.
2) The efficient police also helped to create peace and internal stability.
3) The princely state had variety of separate laws. It helped British to regulate those laws.
2. How do you say that Ryoghwari System was the best system of revenue collection?
Ryothwari system was the best system of revenue collection because of the following reasons:
· Land revenue was fixed on the basis of fertility, measurement and irrigation facility and was periodically
revised.
· The ownership of the land remained with the peasants.
· During the time of draught, floods, feminine peasants could appeal to the government for concession.
3. How do you say that Zaamindari System was a worst system?
· Zamindars highly exploited the peasants; they collected more revenue than fixed.
· Peasants lost their ownership land and became slaves to Zamindars
· Revenue was collected even when their was natural phenomenon’s like floods, draught, famine etc.,
4) What were the effects of introduction of English Education in India?
Number of schools and colleges were started that created educated middle class, created cities.
Western Education brought the spirit of democracy and liberalism etc.
It also caused Cultural Revolution and national movements.
English served as a link language. Many languages were influenced by English and well developed.
5) How was the development of press strengthened the national movement?
1.They started exposing of administrative methods of English.2.Used as the weapons during the national movements.
3.They created national consciousness and awareness among, the people and increased nationality.
6) How was the development of transport strengthened the national movement in India?
1.The Indians began to travel in large scales throughout India. 2.This led to the development of sense of unity among
the Indians. 3.Thus increased the national consciousness among the people.
7) How was the Industrial revolution took place in England effected on Indian Produce?
1.It made England an industrialist country. 2.Then needed lot of raw materials for their factories. 3.It made India a
supplier of raw materials and market for their finished goods. 4.The Indian industries were ruined.
5.People lost their jobs and became poor.
CHAPTER :- 7 SOCIO-RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENT.
1) What were the factors which influenced over the Socio-Religious reform movement (Renaissance) in
19th century?
The factors that influenced are:1.British rule brought peace and security. It provided time to self
intersection among the educated Indians.
2.English education brought western rationalism logic and reasoning, people began to think.
3Western concept like Democracy, liberty, Equality and nationalism awakened the Indian. They began to
fight against superstitious beliefs.
4.The growth of press spread the ideas of educated Indians.
5.Many educated Indians formed their organization and challenged against superstisitious beliefs.
2) What were the outcome of Socio-religious reform movement of india
It was a period of rejuvenation of Indian life.
It prepared the society to fight against superstitions, inequality, untouchabality, gender discrimination.
Indian culture and Vedanta saw a revival.
The liberalism of the wert and the spiritual heritage of the East made of people realize the need to
develop national feelings and achieve independence.
3) Who founded Sathyashodhak Samaj? What were its principles? Mention its achievements.
Jathiba Phule at Pune in 1873.
It fought against child marriage and exploitation of widows and untouchabality.
It opposed sysdam which shudras and Atishudras were exposed.
It believed that education alone could end exploitation.
It worked for the uplift of the conditions of mill workers (Poor).
Advocated universalaisation of education.
He fought against social inequalities in Hindu Society.
4) Mention the aims of Brahma Samaj,/Prarthana Samaj and Arya Samaj?
Brahma Samaj: - It was started by Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
Aims: It believed that western education and modern science is very much necessary to modernize India.
It fought against Sati System, exploitation, child marriage and polygamy, against idol worship.
It worked for the gender equality and widow re-marriage.
It attached the orthodox and fought against Sati System.
Prarthana Samaj: - It was founded by Dr. Atmaram, Panduranga, in 1867 at Bombay.
6 Aims: - Fought against caste system, child marriage and untouchability.
Encouraged intercaste marriage and widow re-marriage.
It fought against idol worship and polygamy.
It propagated that every religion has truth in it.
It worked for the upliftment of women.
It opened number of orphanages, national schools and widow homes.
Arya Samaj: - It was founded by Dayananda Saraswathi in 1875.
Aims: - It tried to reform Hindu society on the basis of Vedic thoughts.
He fought against Sati system, caste system and untouchabality and stressed girls’ education.
It started Dayananda Anglo Vernacular schools and colleges in North India.
The society awakene3d the Nationality.
5) What were the Social reformations works taken by Dayananda Saraswathi?
He started Arya Samaj and tried to reform Hindu Society on the basis of Vedic thoughts.
He fought against Sati System, Child marriage, untouchabality.
He started Dayananda Anglo Vernacular Schools and College in North India
He awakened the Nationality among the people.
He wrote Satyartha Prakash to spread his thoughts.
6) Explain the achievements of Ramakrishna Mission?
It asked the people to work for humanity and to give importance for prayer and yoga.
It also asked to serve the poor and sick.
It opened many schools, Orphanages, Colleges and Hospitals.
The mission worked at the time of famine and floods to serve the refugees.
The mission provided shelter to people of various religion and country.
THE FREEDOM MOVEMENT
Three and four marks questions:-
1) Who was the founder of Indian National Congress? What were its aims?
A.O.Hume, AIMS:- 1.To create national consciousness among the Indians. 2.Placing demands of the
people and urge for their fulfillment. 3. To create public opinion in favour of national issues.
2) What were the demands of the Moderates?
AIMS/DEMANDS:- 1. They aimed at securing representation of Indians in higher administrative posts.
2.They urged for the expansion of the legislature with more elected members. 3. They agitated for the
development of Indian agriculture and industries by imposing import duties on foreign goods.
4. They insisted on holding the Civil Service examination, simultaneously in India and England.
3) What is ‘Drain Theory’? Who introduced it? How did it cause for the flow of wealth?
1.The theory which explained that the British rule alone was responsible for the poverty in India.
By Dadabhai Naoroji.2.The resource of India were transferred to England:
In the form of more imports and less exports. 2. Profits earned on the British capital
3. The transfer of assets and the Pensions of the British officials.
4) Who was Bala Gangadhar Tilak? How did he propagate nationalist ideas?
Bala Gangadhar Tilak was one the Extremists.
1. He announced that “Swaraj is my birth right and I shall have it”.
2. He said that the British to go out of the country, struggle was inevitable to thrown.
3. Started newspapers “Kesari and Maratha”.
4. Organized Ganesha and Shivaji festival. Thus awakened the national feelings.
5) Give a brief account of Non-cooperation.
1.Non-cooperation was launched by Gandhiji in 1921.2.The leaders of Khilafat movement (Shaukat Ali
and Mohammed Ali) joined in it and campaigned for Hindu Muslim unity.3.Many students came out of
the colleges and joined in the movement. 4.Many advocates gave up their practice.5. Many patriots were
started National Institutions. 6.The Non-co-operation movement was withdrawn because of the violence
that took place at Chauri Choura (1922).
6) Give a brief an account of “Civil disobedience movement”.
It was started after the declaration of complete independence by congress.
Gandhiji placed eleven demands before the Viceroy which included the abolition of Salt tax. The
Viceroy paid no attention to these demands. So Gandhiji started Civil disobedience Movement.
Gandhiji conducted a long march from Sabharamathi Ashram to Dandi.
He produced a handful of salt on March 12th 1930 and distributed it to the people.
7. Give a brief an account off “Quit India Movement”.
The British government sent the Cripps mission (1942) to negotiate Indian Support for the second world war
It proposed the granting of “Domain Status” to India. But congress rejected it congaed started the quit India
Movement on August 8th, 1942 at Bombay.
1.Gandhiji called upon the India’s to “ do or Die”.2.Police stations Government officer were set on fire.
3.Post and revenue offices, railways lines bridges were damaged.4.Liquor shops were attacked,
5.Jails were filled with freedom fighters.
8. Who formed I.N.A.? What were its achievements?
Subhash Chandra Bose formed I.N.A.
· He believed that only non –violence and negations will not secure freedom.
· He wanted to raise an army and launch a war against the British
· During II world war the British kept him under house arrest. But he escaped to Germany and got the suppot of Hitller and Mussolin and then reached Japan
· He organized I.N.A in Japan with the help of Bosbihari bose and launched war against British.
· He hoisted the tricolor flag in the Andaman British and Nichobar islands
· It entered the Indian sub-Continent and occupied 10.000 square Miles of Manipur territory
“Captain Laxmi” was the leader of Women’s wing of the army
· Japan was defeated in 1945 when he was traveling to Manchuria to prepare plan. He died in an air crash .
9. What was the reason for the partition of Indian?
· In 1940 the Muslim league at its Lahore session demanded a “Separate nation for the Muslim”
· August offer and Cripps Mission’s proposal were rejected by the congress but the Muslim league decided to Support the British
· The “Quit India” resolution was opened by Jinnah and he urged the Muslim not to participate in it.
· Cabinet Mission visited India in 1946 and proposed for undivided India with a Single legislature but Jinna
rejected it and he called for “direct Action Day” On august parliament passed the India independence act In
July 16.1947 India become free on the 15th of August 1947
THE FREEDDOM MOVEMENT IN KARNATAKA
2 Marks Questions:-
1. Describe the revolt of Kittur against the British ?
· Shivalinga Rudra Sarja, adopted son and died immediately
· The English tried to annex according to doctrine of lapse this small province
· Rani Chennamma fought valiantly against the English died (1929)
2. Write briefly about Surpur uprising
· Venkatappa Nayaka the ruler of Surpur and revolted against-British refused to pay the subsidy
· The British army laid siege into the Surpur fort in 1858
· He shot himself refusing to accept British dominance.
3. Write on Shivapura Satyagraha (1938).
· Mysore state congress organized id conference at Shivapura near Maddur in 1938
· There was ban of hoisting the tricolor T.Siddalingaih hoisted the flag and was arrested
· The people decided to hoist the flag daily at the same spot
· The flag was hoisted at Vidhurshwata fair (Julian Walla Bhag in Karnataka) in Kolar (1938) district. Thirty
people were killed.
4. Describe the Quit India Movement at Isuru.
· In 1942, the people of Iruru participated in the Quit India Movement by peacefully Organizing processions
· They checked the entry of the Government officer into the Village which was declared “Free”
· Two officers were Killed when they tried to enter the Village
· Five persons from Iruru were hanged for this act.
5. How did people launch No-tax campaign in Uttara Kannada District?
The people of Uttara Kannada District refused to pay the land revenue. Their household goods and cattle were confiscated for non-payment of taxes. Women satyagrahis resorted to fast in front of cattle house f the British bidders.
6. How was no tax campaign launched in Sirasi ?
· Trees from reserve forest were cut and broke the law
· Draw their cattle to graze in the forest without paying the toll
· Today tree were out
7. What were the causes for Mysore cholo movement?
· Even after the independent Mysore state neither got responsible government nor hoisted the national flag.
· Even though the maharaja signed the instrument foreseen on 9th Aug 1947 to join Indian union but organized
by Dewan Arcot Ramaswamy Raja did not announce anything.
ADVENT OF THE EUROPEANS TO INDIA.
1. Name the important imports and exports of ancient India.
· The important imports were Houses, wines, coral and mercury.
· The important exports were cotton textiles, silk, pearls, diamonds, sandalwood and spices like pepper,
cardamom, Cloves and cinnamon.
2. What were the two important consequences of capture of Constantinople?
· It closed the land route between the East and the West which made the European countries necessary to
explore new sea routes to India [ as arabs controlled old sea routes] and also the trade with India was
more profitable to Europeans.
· It led to the Renaissance. It expanded the knowledge of geography, maping technic and navigation.
3. Name the colonies of Portuguese, Dutch, English and French in India?
· Portuguese: Goa, Diu and Daman in Gujarat. Selsette and Bassein near Bombay in Maharashtra. San
Thome near Madras. Hugly (Hoogly) in Bengal.
Dutch .Machatipatnam .Pulicat, Surat, Cochin.Basewrur near Kundapur.
English Ahmedabad.Agra.Broach.Calcutta.Dacca.Kasim Bazaar. Bombay.
French: Pondicherey.Chandranagar.Mchalipatnam.
4. What were the impacts of Advent of Portuguese in India?
1.It increased the trade contact with east and west. 2. Increase the demand for Indian goods in European
markets.3. America origin crafts like tobacco, potato, onion, Chilies, Maize, cashew nut etc. were introduced in India by Portuguese . That was the radical change in Indian Agriculture.4.European architecture was introduced to India in the forms of church and building.
5. Who was Duplex and what was his ambition?
1.Dupleix was a talented and ambitious 2. He was the first French Governor who wanted establish French
Empire in India and hence he entered into the India politics.
6. What were the causes for I Carnatic war?
1.Austrian succession war began in 1740 in Europe. 2.It Special to India also as there was a competition between English and French to establish colony in India.
7. What were the results of II Carnatic War?.
The results of II Carnatic war were.
· English made Mohammad Ali, The nawab of Arcot and remained powerful in Carnatic but French failed to establish their influence in Carnatic.
8. What were the wrong decisions taken by the French?
· French planned to Seige Madras Count de laly, the French Governor summoned Bussy who was a French
commander at Hyderabad to facilitate his siege to Madras.
Because the English army led by Sir Eyer Coote defeated Bussy at Wandiwash near Pondicherry in
1760.
9. What were the causes of Battle of Plassey?
· Siraj Ud Daulah tried to check the misuse of dartaks.
· He ordered to surrender Krishna Ballabh who settle at Fort William but English refused.
· English started to fortify their factory at Kolkatta and Fort William without the permission of Nawab .
10. What were the results of Battle of Plassey?
1.Siraj –Ud- Daulah was killed. 2. British made Mir Jafar, the Nawab of Bengal 3. In turn British got Zamindaris right or collecting of revenue from 24 Paragana regions. 4.British got a firm fooling in Bengal.
11. What was dual Government? Who introduced it?
Dual Government is a type of Government introduced in Bengal which gave British the right to collect land
revenue and Administrative and judicial power were given to the Nawab Dual Government was introduce by the Government of Bengal Robert Clive.
12. What were the discoveries of Europeanse at the time of Renaissance?
· Marineris compass , Astrolobe & Mapping technique
13. Why did British dethrone Mir Kasim?
1. He refused to remain puppet in the hands of British 2.He asserted his legal right as Nawab and 3.He tried to check the misuse of Dastaks as it was a great loss for his treasure.
MYSORE STATE AND THE BRITISH
1. Mention the title of chikkadevaraja and his political achievements?
“Karnataka chiakravrthi” and “Navakoti Narayana”.
Political achievement of him were
· He conquered Tumakuru, Hoskote, parts of Salem district & Banavara, Vastare and Chikkamagalore from keladi, ruler.
· He defaulted the combined army of keladi Nayakas, Sultan of golkanda & shivaji’s son Sambaji.
· He maintained friendship with Aurangazeb and got Bangalore from Mugul on leize. In turn he agreed to keep a contingent of army for Mugual Services.
2. How was Hydarali became famous?
· When Dalavays were not able to pay salary to the soldiers, they revolted against the Dalavays, Hydarali paid salary to them and got the support of soldiers .
· He participated Karnatic war and learnt the war techniques of French and English.
· He repulsed Marathas in 1758, Who come to collect Chautayi (tax) in Srirangapatna
3. Mention the terms of the treaty of Srirangapatna?
· He had to surrender half of his territory to the enemies, Which was shared by the allies
· Tippu had to pay heavy war indemnity
· He also Surrender his two sons of as hostage to the English as had no money.
4. Mention the terms of the Treaty of Mangalore .
· Tippu retain the coastal regains of Mangalore and Malabar
· It also stressed that they should not join hands with their respective enemies
5. What were the causes and results of IV Anglo – Mysore war?
The defeat and the humiliation at the hands of the English in III Anglo – Mysore was the main causes. Tippu
wanted to take revenge against British
· He fortified his capital and strengthened the fort and negotiated with French
· He sent his Ambassador to Afghanistan and sultan of Turkey
· French gave training to Tippu’s army. The result were
1. Tippu died in the battle.
2. Mysore was shared between Nizam and English
3. Remaining parts handed over to Krishnaraja Wodeyar III.
6. What were the achievements of Kantirava Narasaraja Wodeyar?
· He expelled Ramadullah Khan of Bijapur, who laid siege to Srirangapatna
· He conquered Satayamangala Bettadapura and Arakalqud near Hassan
· He issued Gold, Coin, called “kanthirava panams”.
· He constructed Bangaradoddi canal, to give importance to the Agriculture
7. Who were very famous among Dalavays and Why?
· Nanjarajayya, Devarajayy
· They played prominent role in expanding Mysore kingdom and they also involved in Carnatic wars to secure Tiruchirapalli.
8. Mention the terms of the treaty of Madras
The terms in eluded in the treaty of Madras were.[1769]
· They agreed to return the territories they had captured from each other
· English promised to assist Hyder Ali if he was attacked by his enemies
The Establishment of the English Rule in India
1. Mention the result of I- Anglo – Maratha war
· The Marathas were forced to sign the Treaty of Salbai in 1782 A D
· Madava Rao II was recognized as the Peshwa and Raghoba was pensioned off
· Later Baji Rao II became the peshwa
· English increased their power in Maharastra
2. What were the causes for II Anglo Martha War?
· After the death of Nana, Phadanavis , Holkar of Indor and sindhya of Gwalior compited to get control over
peshwa Baji Rao
· Baji Rao II accepted subsidiary Alliance this angered Holkar and sindhias
· Hence Holkar and sindhia declared war against English
3. What were the results of III Anglo Martha war?
· Baji Rao II was given an annual pension of Rs.8 lakhs & was sent to Brithore near Kanpur
· Peshwa’s territory merged with Bombay Presidency
· The discendent of Chatrapathi Sahu at Satara Pratap Sinha was granted the small area in Satara
· Maratha leader signed subsidiary Alliance one by one
· The Maratha rule come to an End.
4. Why do we call Ranjit sigh, The Lion of Punjab or famous ruler of the Sikhs?
Ranjit Sigh was the famous ruler of Sikhs,
At the age of 12 he became the chief of sukachahia of the Sikhs.
· He maintained friendly relationship with British by entering into Amrutsar Treaty.
· He unified all the Sikhs Chiefs
· He was very strong and courageous and hence renowned as Loin of Punjab
5. Why did British take over the administration of Mysore from Krishna Wodeyar III?
· In 1830 Zaamindari of Nagar revolted against the Maharaja and refused to pay tax this revolt was suppressed
by the Maharaja
· But they began to trouble the administration individually, hence the British took over the administration state
6. Why do we call Krishna Rao Wodeyar IV the Maker of Modern Mysore
· During his rule Mysore made great progress 2. He constructed Marikanive irrigation project 3.opened Kolar
gold field mines. 4.Street lamp were also provided to Bangalore in 1905 by him 5.Many diwans notable
achievement under him
7. What were the contribution of Sir.M.Visveswaraya?
Sir.M.Visveswaraya is remembered by the people for his developmental works
· He started iron work factory at Bhadravathi.
· Government Soap factory, Sandal oil Factory and Mysore Bank was also started by him
· He established Mysore university, the Chamarajendra Technological Institute at Mysore and Engineering
College at Bangalore
· Agriculture college at Hebbel were also stated during his period
8. How do you say the Krishnaraja Wodeyar was the lover of Education?
1.He abolished the fees at the Government primary school at first time 2.He also encouraged for the establishment of college and universities. 3. Opened Agriculture College at Hebbel.
9. Who introduced subsidiary alliance and Why?
1.Governor general Wellesley. 2. To expand the British empire in India & to again control over the native ruler.
10. What were the conditions of subsidiary alliance?
· The native rulers who accept their policy were not expected to engage themselves in wars or to enter into
treaties with other states.
· To accept English contingent and pay subsidiary for the maintenance of this contingents.
· English resident was kept at the court of native rulers to keep control over the internal affairs of the native
rulers.
11. What were the causes for the II Anglo-Sikh war OR Why did the ruler of Muttan revolt?
1.When the English got control over Punjab they did not rule over Punjab and asked Dulip Singh to rule and kept
a section of their army in Punjab and asked Dulip Singh to regulate their army this made Sikh rulers unhappy.
2.Sikh rulers united together and revolted against British.
Chapter-4 THE FIRST WAR OF INDIAN INDEPENDENCE:
1. How was the expansion policy of British caused the first war of Indian Independence? [Political Cause].
· General Dalhousie introduced ‘Doctrine of Lapse’. Accordingly he annexed Satara, Jansi, Jaipur, Sambalpur and Udaipur who had no natural heir.
· Nanasaheb the adapted son of Bajirao II was not paid pension.
· Mughal emperor and Nawab of awadh and many others were thrown out of their power so lakhs of soldIers become unemployed and revolted against British.
2. How was the colonial policy of British caused 1857 revolt [Economic causes].
1.colonial policy ruined Indian industries so lakhs of people became unemployed .2.England imposed heavy
tariffs on Indian goods in England. This further ruined the Indian industries and stopped the export Indian goods.
3. Why did the Indian sepoys revolt against British in 1857 or how do you say that the condition of Indian
sepoys was pathetic?
1.They were paid eight times lower than the British soldiers salary.2. Promotions were reserved only for whites.
3.Indian soldiers were forced to cross the oceans during those days Crossing Ocean was a sin and they were outcaste.
4. What were the causes for the failures of 1857 revolt?
· Lack of leadership for the uprising.
· Sepoys indulged in looting and decoits and this resulted in loosing the faith of common people.
· The Indian sepoys did not have modern weapons but the British had.
· The English used telegraphic network to communicate the message and get the help. But the Indian did not
know anything about it.
· Lack of proper organization among the mutineers
· The English had a common goal to protect their kingdom but Indians did not have any goal which is accepting by all.
5. What are the effects of 1857 revolt?
· The rule of East India Company was ended. The British Government took the administration of India in its
own hands.
· The secretary of States for India was appointed to look after the administration
· The British with draw the policy of ‘Doctrine of Lapse’
· In 1858 queen Victoria declared to provide stable government to India and to safe guard the rights of people.
This declaration is known as ‘The Manga-Charta of the Indian People’
· The queen also promised not to interfere in the religious matter of Indians.
· British realized that it was impossible to rule India without getting the confidence of Indians
6. Why did the Hindu and Muslim Orthodox angered against British?
Abolition of sati system, encourage of widow re-marriage and other social reforms were also misunderstood
by the orthox. They thought that they are introducing their own culture in the place of Indian culture.
They also misunderstood by the introduction of telegraphs, railways etc. they thought that they were the signs
of modernization.
7. What were the administrative causes of 1857 revolt?
The administrative causes of 1857 revolt are: 1.British introduced rule of law. Accordingly all are equal
before the law. So rich Zamindar, Talukdars lost their status, position and were angered. 2.New legal system
introduced by British became very difficult and costly to get justice. 3.The law was not applicable to Europeans.
4. The laws were not understood by common people 5.English replaced the Persian language in court.
CHAPTER –5 IMPACT OF THE BRITISH RULE IN INDIA
1. How did uniform system of administration introduced by British cause peace and stability in India?
1) `British introduced uniform system of administration all over India. That helped to establish uniform legal
system. All Indians became equal irrespective of their religion, caste, sex, race etc.
2) The efficient police also helped to create peace and internal stability.
3) The princely state had variety of separate laws. It helped British to regulate those laws.
2. How do you say that Ryoghwari System was the best system of revenue collection?
Ryothwari system was the best system of revenue collection because of the following reasons:
· Land revenue was fixed on the basis of fertility, measurement and irrigation facility and was periodically
revised.
· The ownership of the land remained with the peasants.
· During the time of draught, floods, feminine peasants could appeal to the government for concession.
3. How do you say that Zaamindari System was a worst system?
· Zamindars highly exploited the peasants; they collected more revenue than fixed.
· Peasants lost their ownership land and became slaves to Zamindars
· Revenue was collected even when their was natural phenomenon’s like floods, draught, famine etc.,
4) What were the effects of introduction of English Education in India?
Number of schools and colleges were started that created educated middle class, created cities.
Western Education brought the spirit of democracy and liberalism etc.
It also caused Cultural Revolution and national movements.
English served as a link language. Many languages were influenced by English and well developed.
5) How was the development of press strengthened the national movement?
1.They started exposing of administrative methods of English.2.Used as the weapons during the national movements.
3.They created national consciousness and awareness among, the people and increased nationality.
6) How was the development of transport strengthened the national movement in India?
1.The Indians began to travel in large scales throughout India. 2.This led to the development of sense of unity among
the Indians. 3.Thus increased the national consciousness among the people.
7) How was the Industrial revolution took place in England effected on Indian Produce?
1.It made England an industrialist country. 2.Then needed lot of raw materials for their factories. 3.It made India a
supplier of raw materials and market for their finished goods. 4.The Indian industries were ruined.
5.People lost their jobs and became poor.
CHAPTER :- 7 SOCIO-RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENT.
1) What were the factors which influenced over the Socio-Religious reform movement (Renaissance) in
19th century?
The factors that influenced are:1.British rule brought peace and security. It provided time to self
intersection among the educated Indians.
2.English education brought western rationalism logic and reasoning, people began to think.
3Western concept like Democracy, liberty, Equality and nationalism awakened the Indian. They began to
fight against superstitious beliefs.
4.The growth of press spread the ideas of educated Indians.
5.Many educated Indians formed their organization and challenged against superstisitious beliefs.
2) What were the outcome of Socio-religious reform movement of india
It was a period of rejuvenation of Indian life.
It prepared the society to fight against superstitions, inequality, untouchabality, gender discrimination.
Indian culture and Vedanta saw a revival.
The liberalism of the wert and the spiritual heritage of the East made of people realize the need to
develop national feelings and achieve independence.
3) Who founded Sathyashodhak Samaj? What were its principles? Mention its achievements.
Jathiba Phule at Pune in 1873.
It fought against child marriage and exploitation of widows and untouchabality.
It opposed sysdam which shudras and Atishudras were exposed.
It believed that education alone could end exploitation.
It worked for the uplift of the conditions of mill workers (Poor).
Advocated universalaisation of education.
He fought against social inequalities in Hindu Society.
4) Mention the aims of Brahma Samaj,/Prarthana Samaj and Arya Samaj?
Brahma Samaj: - It was started by Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
Aims: It believed that western education and modern science is very much necessary to modernize India.
It fought against Sati System, exploitation, child marriage and polygamy, against idol worship.
It worked for the gender equality and widow re-marriage.
It attached the orthodox and fought against Sati System.
Prarthana Samaj: - It was founded by Dr. Atmaram, Panduranga, in 1867 at Bombay.
6 Aims: - Fought against caste system, child marriage and untouchability.
Encouraged intercaste marriage and widow re-marriage.
It fought against idol worship and polygamy.
It propagated that every religion has truth in it.
It worked for the upliftment of women.
It opened number of orphanages, national schools and widow homes.
Arya Samaj: - It was founded by Dayananda Saraswathi in 1875.
Aims: - It tried to reform Hindu society on the basis of Vedic thoughts.
He fought against Sati system, caste system and untouchabality and stressed girls’ education.
It started Dayananda Anglo Vernacular schools and colleges in North India.
The society awakene3d the Nationality.
5) What were the Social reformations works taken by Dayananda Saraswathi?
He started Arya Samaj and tried to reform Hindu Society on the basis of Vedic thoughts.
He fought against Sati System, Child marriage, untouchabality.
He started Dayananda Anglo Vernacular Schools and College in North India
He awakened the Nationality among the people.
He wrote Satyartha Prakash to spread his thoughts.
6) Explain the achievements of Ramakrishna Mission?
It asked the people to work for humanity and to give importance for prayer and yoga.
It also asked to serve the poor and sick.
It opened many schools, Orphanages, Colleges and Hospitals.
The mission worked at the time of famine and floods to serve the refugees.
The mission provided shelter to people of various religion and country.
THE FREEDOM MOVEMENT
Three and four marks questions:-
1) Who was the founder of Indian National Congress? What were its aims?
A.O.Hume, AIMS:- 1.To create national consciousness among the Indians. 2.Placing demands of the
people and urge for their fulfillment. 3. To create public opinion in favour of national issues.
2) What were the demands of the Moderates?
AIMS/DEMANDS:- 1. They aimed at securing representation of Indians in higher administrative posts.
2.They urged for the expansion of the legislature with more elected members. 3. They agitated for the
development of Indian agriculture and industries by imposing import duties on foreign goods.
4. They insisted on holding the Civil Service examination, simultaneously in India and England.
3) What is ‘Drain Theory’? Who introduced it? How did it cause for the flow of wealth?
1.The theory which explained that the British rule alone was responsible for the poverty in India.
By Dadabhai Naoroji.2.The resource of India were transferred to England:
In the form of more imports and less exports. 2. Profits earned on the British capital
3. The transfer of assets and the Pensions of the British officials.
4) Who was Bala Gangadhar Tilak? How did he propagate nationalist ideas?
Bala Gangadhar Tilak was one the Extremists.
1. He announced that “Swaraj is my birth right and I shall have it”.
2. He said that the British to go out of the country, struggle was inevitable to thrown.
3. Started newspapers “Kesari and Maratha”.
4. Organized Ganesha and Shivaji festival. Thus awakened the national feelings.
5) Give a brief account of Non-cooperation.
1.Non-cooperation was launched by Gandhiji in 1921.2.The leaders of Khilafat movement (Shaukat Ali
and Mohammed Ali) joined in it and campaigned for Hindu Muslim unity.3.Many students came out of
the colleges and joined in the movement. 4.Many advocates gave up their practice.5. Many patriots were
started National Institutions. 6.The Non-co-operation movement was withdrawn because of the violence
that took place at Chauri Choura (1922).
6) Give a brief an account of “Civil disobedience movement”.
It was started after the declaration of complete independence by congress.
Gandhiji placed eleven demands before the Viceroy which included the abolition of Salt tax. The
Viceroy paid no attention to these demands. So Gandhiji started Civil disobedience Movement.
Gandhiji conducted a long march from Sabharamathi Ashram to Dandi.
He produced a handful of salt on March 12th 1930 and distributed it to the people.
7. Give a brief an account off “Quit India Movement”.
The British government sent the Cripps mission (1942) to negotiate Indian Support for the second world war
It proposed the granting of “Domain Status” to India. But congress rejected it congaed started the quit India
Movement on August 8th, 1942 at Bombay.
1.Gandhiji called upon the India’s to “ do or Die”.2.Police stations Government officer were set on fire.
3.Post and revenue offices, railways lines bridges were damaged.4.Liquor shops were attacked,
5.Jails were filled with freedom fighters.
8. Who formed I.N.A.? What were its achievements?
Subhash Chandra Bose formed I.N.A.
· He believed that only non –violence and negations will not secure freedom.
· He wanted to raise an army and launch a war against the British
· During II world war the British kept him under house arrest. But he escaped to Germany and got the suppot of Hitller and Mussolin and then reached Japan
· He organized I.N.A in Japan with the help of Bosbihari bose and launched war against British.
· He hoisted the tricolor flag in the Andaman British and Nichobar islands
· It entered the Indian sub-Continent and occupied 10.000 square Miles of Manipur territory
“Captain Laxmi” was the leader of Women’s wing of the army
· Japan was defeated in 1945 when he was traveling to Manchuria to prepare plan. He died in an air crash .
9. What was the reason for the partition of Indian?
· In 1940 the Muslim league at its Lahore session demanded a “Separate nation for the Muslim”
· August offer and Cripps Mission’s proposal were rejected by the congress but the Muslim league decided to Support the British
· The “Quit India” resolution was opened by Jinnah and he urged the Muslim not to participate in it.
· Cabinet Mission visited India in 1946 and proposed for undivided India with a Single legislature but Jinna
rejected it and he called for “direct Action Day” On august parliament passed the India independence act In
July 16.1947 India become free on the 15th of August 1947
THE FREEDDOM MOVEMENT IN KARNATAKA
2 Marks Questions:-
1. Describe the revolt of Kittur against the British ?
· Shivalinga Rudra Sarja, adopted son and died immediately
· The English tried to annex according to doctrine of lapse this small province
· Rani Chennamma fought valiantly against the English died (1929)
2. Write briefly about Surpur uprising
· Venkatappa Nayaka the ruler of Surpur and revolted against-British refused to pay the subsidy
· The British army laid siege into the Surpur fort in 1858
· He shot himself refusing to accept British dominance.
3. Write on Shivapura Satyagraha (1938).
· Mysore state congress organized id conference at Shivapura near Maddur in 1938
· There was ban of hoisting the tricolor T.Siddalingaih hoisted the flag and was arrested
· The people decided to hoist the flag daily at the same spot
· The flag was hoisted at Vidhurshwata fair (Julian Walla Bhag in Karnataka) in Kolar (1938) district. Thirty
people were killed.
4. Describe the Quit India Movement at Isuru.
· In 1942, the people of Iruru participated in the Quit India Movement by peacefully Organizing processions
· They checked the entry of the Government officer into the Village which was declared “Free”
· Two officers were Killed when they tried to enter the Village
· Five persons from Iruru were hanged for this act.
5. How did people launch No-tax campaign in Uttara Kannada District?
The people of Uttara Kannada District refused to pay the land revenue. Their household goods and cattle were confiscated for non-payment of taxes. Women satyagrahis resorted to fast in front of cattle house f the British bidders.
6. How was no tax campaign launched in Sirasi ?
· Trees from reserve forest were cut and broke the law
· Draw their cattle to graze in the forest without paying the toll
· Today tree were out
7. What were the causes for Mysore cholo movement?
· Even after the independent Mysore state neither got responsible government nor hoisted the national flag.
· Even though the maharaja signed the instrument foreseen on 9th Aug 1947 to join Indian union but organized
by Dewan Arcot Ramaswamy Raja did not announce anything.
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